Netherlands Open Air Museum

Established on 24 April 1912 and opened to the public on 13 July 1918 with just six relocated buildings, the museum now spans 44 hectares on the former Waterberg estate at the edge of Arnhem. It houses over 100 authentic structures spanning five centuries: farmhouses, windmills, a working forge, a village, and workshops relocated from across the country. Period-costumed actors and demonstrators bring the exhibits to life throughout the day. With more than 550,000 visitors annually it consistently ranks among the most visited museums in the Netherlands. Allow at least a half-day.

Among the highlights are the Zaanse neighbourhood — a reconstruction of industrial windmill workshops that produced paper, oil, mustard, and beer — alongside a complete Frisian turf hut and a timber-framed Saxon farmhouse. Craftspeople demonstrate blacksmithing, weaving, and barrel-making throughout the day.

A heritage tram line runs 1,750 metres through the grounds, operated with restored electric trams from Amsterdam, Rotterdam, The Hague, and a 1929 Arnhem tram replica. The line has been running since 1996 and is a highlight for children. Several cafés and food kiosks on site serve pea soup, pancakes, poffertjes, and freshly baked bread from the museum bakery.